PdoMixedPlaceholderStyles

error native on by default

Group: Probable bugs

Detect PDO prepare with literal SQL containing both named and positional parameter markers outside quoted literals/comments.

Example

<?php
function bad(PDO $pdo) { $s = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM items WHERE a = :a AND b = ?'); }

Reported:

• line 2: Use one SQL placeholder style per statement.

Detection

• Report PDO prepare with literal SQL containing both named and positional parameter markers outside quoted literals/comments.
• Resolve builtin calls and named arguments before checking the contract. Project-local callees are considered only when their bodies or immutable summaries establish the required facts. The default is enabled, with positive proof required.
• For flow-dependent conditions, require a reachable source-to-use path with no intervening invalidation. Unknown calls, ambiguous aliases, recursion or analysis-budget exhaustion cannot establish definite facts.

Exceptions (no report)

• Question marks or colons inside literals, comments and driver-specific operator tokens are not markers; unresolved PDO receivers are excluded.
• Unresolved targets, incomplete required facts, suppressed findings and PHP versions lacking the referenced API or language feature produce no report. User declarations shadowing builtin names are not builtin contracts.

Fix

No automatic fix: renaming markers requires coordinated binding changes and driver knowledge.

PHP versions

Apply only on PHP versions supporting the referenced APIs and syntax (within PHP 5.3–8.5). Builtin behavior and argument contracts follow the configured PHP version. Extension-specific calls require resolved extension API symbols; do not treat same-named application functions as extension calls.

Options

None. Enable or disable this rule through normal rule configuration.

Configure

In custos.json:

{
  "rules": {
    "PdoMixedPlaceholderStyles": {
      "enabled": false
    }
  }
}

Suppress

Before the statement or declaration (or the first statement of the file):

// @custos-ignore PdoMixedPlaceholderStyles